Magnetic Measurements of Particle Accelerator
Magnets
Electromagnets used
as
beam guiding elements in particle accelerators and storage rings
require
very tight tolerances on their magnetic fields along the particle
path.
Also large volumes of magnetic field in modern spectrometer magnets
must
be mapped in order to allow for tracking of secondary particles.
These pages contain information about methods and equipment used for
these
types of magnetic measurements.
First of all I should like to mention the International
Magnet Measurement Workshop (IMMW). This is a meeting on
magnetic
measurement techniques, aiming maily at particle accelerator
applications.
The Workshop was held a total of twelve times at two year intervals,
alternating
between Europe and the US. It is a rather informal meeting which
brings together 60-80 people.
The CERN
Accelerator School (CAS) organised two specialised courses on
"Measurement
and Alignment of Accelerator and Detector Magnets". The first was
held in Montreux, Switzerland, 16-20 March 1992. The following in
Anacapri, Italy, 11-17 April 1997. The CAS-Proceedings are
available
on the Web in CERN
92-05 and CERN
98-05
Animesh Jain, BNL, gave five lectures in the Academic
Training Lecture Series at CERN 7-11 April 2003.
A list
of manufacturers of magnet measurement equipment was
compiled.
Homepage addresses are indicated. Again, this list is far from
being
complete. Much effort and cost may be saved by examining the
market
carefully before launching the design of a complex measurement
system.
I would like to underline that many components are readily available
from
industry.
During many years, I
collected
articles on magnetic measurements in the field of Particle Accelerators
and Particle Physics Detectors. The list
of publications (bibliography) is in no way complete. It
contains
more than 400 references which have been of particular interest for me
in my work. Keywords were added in order to facilitate search for
specific subjects. Only published papers are
listed.
Internal notes etc. have been omitted.
It is perhaps the ancient
part of the list, which may be of particular interest. Nowadays,
most libraries have very efficient means of searching for
literature,
so I did not extend the bibliography beyond 1998.
Several
suitable databases can be found, for example the
CERN
Library Catalogue. And much information can be found by
searching
the Internet. It should be mentioned that quite a few of
the
more recent publications in the list may be found and downloaded in
fulltext
from the CERN
Library service. The
last entry in my bibliography, "Magnetic Field Measurements in Beam
Guiding
Magnets", contains a general survey of the most commonly used
measurement
methods in particle physics applications. The preprint can be
downloaded
here.
(7 pages, size:153 KB).
Finally, I would like to add
a link
to the homepage of Bruce
Brown at Fermilab. It contains much useful information, also
in this field.
Please send your comments and suggestions to Knud
N. Henrichsen
Updated 15-July-2009